{"id":10278,"date":"2024-04-01T08:20:48","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T08:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278"},"modified":"2024-04-01T08:20:48","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T08:20:48","slug":"japan-used-to-have-one-of-the-worlds-fastest-growing-economy-and-then-it-got-stuck-in-deflation-economists-now-think-japan-is-back","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278","title":{"rendered":"Japan used to have one of the world&#039;s fastest growing economy and then it got stuck in deflation. Economists now think Japan is back."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Japan\u2019s central bank <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/asia\/2024\/03\/19\/japan-central-bank-hiked-benchmark-interest-rate-first-time-17-years-scrapping-world-last-negative\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">raised<\/a> interest rates above zero for the first time in 17 years just under two weeks ago. It lifted interest rates to 0-0.1%, up from -0.1%, ending the world\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2024\/03\/19\/bank-of-japan-boj-march-2024-policy-decision-mpm-meeting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">last<\/a> negative interest rate regime among major economies\u2014and signaling to economists that Japan\u2019s 30-year slump may finally be over.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>Tokiko Shimizu, an assistant governor at the Bank of Japan, is one of those who sees the ending of the negative rate regime as symbolic of Japan turning a corner\u2014even if the rate increase is tiny by international banking standards. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe step itself is very small\u201410 basis points,\u201d she said Wednesday at the Fortune Innovation Forum in Hong Kong. \u201cBut it\u2019s a very great step for the Japanese economy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For the central banker, this historic step by the Japanese central bank reflects a new reality in the country, where wages and prices are rising after years of stagnation. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe reason we decided to change it is because the virtuous cycle between wages and price is going on,\u201d she said, pointing to recent wage negotiations between Japanese companies and labor unions. Discussions <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/4dded4bb-a608-4f9a-9f54-e6af47caef8f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">led<\/a> to a 5.28% pay increase, the largest raise in 33 years.<\/p>\n<p>Shimizu noted that her colleagues in other G7 and G20 economies are more worried than Japan\u2019s central bank is about fast wage growth. Companies raise prices to account for higher labor costs, worsening inflation, and, in turn, encouraging workers to ask for more pay increases later. Economists blamed this wage-price spiral for persistent inflation and economic stagnation in Western economies in the 1970s, and worries about this happening again persist in many countries.<\/p>\n<p>Yet Japan has instead faced an altogether different fight\u2014it has battled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/asia\/japan-government-considers-declaring-end-deflation-kyodo-2024-03-04\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">persistent<\/a> deflation for decades, causing lower consumption, stagnant wages and falling asset prices. For Shimizu and her colleagues, March\u2019s wage negotiations show that Japan might finally be seeing a more normal pattern of inflation.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>On Wednesday, Shimizu forecast that further interest rate increases were unlikely. \u201cWe expect the price movement in coming years to be around 2%. That means we don\u2019t see any interest rate hike [to be] necessary.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Headline inflation <a href=\"https:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Economy\/Inflation\/Japan-s-inflation-rose-for-the-1st-time-in-4-months-in-February\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">accelerated<\/a> to 2.8% in February. It marked the 23rd consecutive month the figure has met or surpassed the central bank\u2019s 2% price target.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is Japan back?<\/h2>\n<p>Japan\u2019s recent interest rate hike is just part of a larger narrative that the world\u2019s fourth-largest economy is back on track. The country\u2019s stock markets have now surpassed <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/asia\/2024\/02\/23\/why-japan-economy-recession-stock-market-record\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">records<\/a> set all the way back in December 1989, at the peak of Japan\u2019s bubble economy.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Jesper Koll, board director at the Okinawa Institute for Science and Technology and a veteran Japan watcher, said Wednesday the country may have finally turned a corner.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Koll pointed to the number of people quitting their jobs as an indication of a tighter labor market. \u201cOver the past four or five years, this [quit rate] has shot up very dramatically,\u201d Koll said. \u201cThe elite, the young, the next generation of Japan are now taking risks,\u201d he continued, with two-thirds of young Japanese now going to start-ups.<\/p>\n<p>There are changes at the top too. \u201cWhen you look at the age of the new CEOs that have been appointed by the leading companies in Japan by listed companies, the age of the CEO has dropped from 69 to 57,\u201d Koll said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Companies are also re-investing in Japan. Leading chipmaker Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company just <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/asia\/2024\/03\/02\/japan-lost-early-lead-chips-korea-taiwan-tsmc-project-morris-chang-renaissance-of-semiconductors\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-c908bf88-0 iyWINF\">opened<\/a> a factory in Kumamoto prefecture on the island of Kyushu\u2014sometimes called \u201cSilicon Island\u201d\u2014in February.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Finally, Koll suggested that Japan was becoming an \u201cimmigration superpower,\u201d with the traditionally-closed country attracting many more migrants.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNow there are 3.2 million non-Japanese living in Japan, of which 2.4 million are actually working. When I showed up in Japan in the mid-1980s, there were barely 500,000,\u201d Koll explained.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aging population<\/h2>\n<p>Both Shimizu and Koll mentioned one significant challenge for the Japanese economy: Its shrinking workforce. Japan has one of the world\u2019s oldest populations, and the country\u2019s government has tried, and failed, to lift fertility rates for over a decade.<\/p>\n<p>That means Japan will have to sustain growth with fewer people. For Shimizu, the answer to the problem comes through robots, automation and AI.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJapanese people love robots, compared to Western people,\u201d she said, using a stuffed toy of Doraemon, the famous Japanese cartoon robot cat, to reinforce her point. Robots can help Japan encourage more women and elderly to join the labor market, expanding the country\u2019s workforce, she explained.<\/p>\n<p>Koll, instead, sees demographic change as a way to reinvigorate Japan\u2019s economy.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJapan is in this demographic sweet spot because one in four is already over 70-years-old and the baby boomer generation is going to have to die gracefully,\u201d Koll said.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNow we\u2019ve got a clean slate for the younger generation,\u201d he said. \u201cThis young generation is now leaving the Ministry of Finance\u2026not going to Mitsubishi Corporation, but setting up a new company.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Japan\u2019s central bank raised interest rates above zero for the first time in 17 years just under two weeks ago. It lifted interest rates to 0-0.1%, up from -0.1%, ending the world\u2019s last negative interest rate regime among major economies\u2014and signaling to economists that Japan\u2019s 30-year slump may finally be over. Tokiko Shimizu, an assistant [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":235,"featured_media":10279,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[123],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Japan used to have one of the world&#039;s fastest growing economy and then it got stuck in deflation. 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Economists now think Japan is back. | Unlock Informed Choices with Us","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53614606090_d56b276d46_o-e1711934961193.jpg","datePublished":"2024-04-01T08:20:48+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b66f6ba76bb2314f48b4f5c2b6bb01c0"},"description":"Japan watchers are getting optimistic and say they have the data: Wages are rising, inflation is back, and the negative interest rate cycle is over.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53614606090_d56b276d46_o-e1711934961193.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/53614606090_d56b276d46_o-e1711934961193.jpg","width":2048,"height":1024},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?p=10278#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Japan used to have one of the world&#039;s fastest growing economy and then it got stuck in deflation. Economists now think Japan is back."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/","name":"Topat10.com","description":"Your Trusted Source for Honest Reviews on the Best Online Services, Products, and Websites &ndash; Unlock Informed Choices with Us","alternateName":"Topat10","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/#\/schema\/person\/b66f6ba76bb2314f48b4f5c2b6bb01c0","name":"Lionel Lim","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Lionel 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Lim","author_link":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/?author=235"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Japan\u2019s central bank raised interest rates above zero for the first time in 17 years just under two weeks ago. It lifted interest rates to 0-0.1%, up from -0.1%, ending the world\u2019s last negative interest rate regime among major economies\u2014and signaling to economists that Japan\u2019s 30-year slump may finally be over. Tokiko Shimizu, an assistant&hellip;","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/235"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10278"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10278\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topat10.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}